Stove and furnace.



No. 863,269. PATENTED.AUG.13, 1907. M. M. DILLON. STOVE AND FURNACE.

APPLIOATIOH FILED APR. H1906.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

INVENTOR rm: mamas PETERS coy, WASHIIjOTON, n c.

' annoyance from soot, smoke and dirt,

UNITED STATES MILTON M. DILLON, OF MILAN, MICHIGAN.

STOVE AND FURNACE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 13, 1907.

Application filed April 7,1906. Serial No. 310,438.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I MILTON M. DILLON, a citizen of the United States,residing at Milan, in the county of Washtenaw and State of Michigan,have invented a new and useful Improvement in Stoves and Furnaces, ofwhich the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in stoves and furnaces.

The object of my invention is to provide a stove which is adapted toburn soft or bituminous coal or other cheap grades of coal with aminimum amount of at the same of the comtime obtaining a maximumconsumption bustion portions of said coals.

Another object of my invention is to provide a stove of this characterin. which a down draft is used and thus providing means for a magazinechamber by means of which the coal is properly fed to the fire as it isconsuined.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view ofmy improved stove as applied to a heating stove. Fig. 2 is a transversehorizontal sec tional view taken on the line 11 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is atransverse horizontal sectional view taken on the line 22 of Fig. 1.Fig. 4 is a top plan view of the stove. Fig. 5 is an enlargedperspectiveview of one section of the fire brick of which the fire potis formed, and Fig. 6 is a vertical sectional viewof the stove taken onthe line 4-4 of Fig. 4.

Referring now to the drawings, 1 represents the base, which is providedwith a sub fuel chamber 2, having a grate 3, and below said grate is adamper 4 by means of which air can be admitted to the fire from below aswill be hereinafter more fully described. Carried by said base is anupwardly extending cylindrical casing 5, and an inner cylindrical casing6, which as shown forms a circumferential space 7 forming the combustionchamber. The space above the sub fuel chamber within the inner casing,forms the fuel chamber or fire box 9, and is necessarily provided with alining of fire brick or metal castings which is to prevent the burningout of the casing and also serving as means by which the draft isadmitted to the fire in a downward and central direction, which I willnow proceed to describe. The said lining as shown is formed of severalsections 10, obliquely arranged, and formed with over lapping ledges 11,by means of which they are properly held and interlocked so as to retainthemselves in place. The said sections as shown in Fig. 1, are curvedinwardly at 12 forming an air space 13 between the same and the innercasing 6, said space as shown being intermediate, the upper and lowerends and entirely encir cling the fire pot. The edges of the bricks,intermediate the ends, are provided with cutaway portions 14,

and the sections being obliquely arranged, it will be seen that the saidair passages between the sections are obliquely arranged. The airpassing from the space 13, through the openings 14, passes in a downwardand spiral direction in and around the fuel in the fire chamber. Theupper edge of said sections of fire brick are provided with openings 15,which have their lower ends in communication with the air space 13 forsupplying the same with air. Above said fire pot and flush with theinner edge thereof, is an upwardly extending cylinder 16 which isprovided within the same with a slightly smaller cylinder 17 forming adead air space 18 between the same. The space 19, within the innercylinder forms the magazine which is filled with fuel as is wellunderstood. The upper end of said cylinders 16 and 17, supports acircular heating chamber 20, which has no communication whatever withthe magazine. Passing centrally through said chamber 20 and incommunication with the magazine, is a passage 22, by means of which thefuel is fed to the magazine.

In communication with the upper end of the combustion chamber 7, arefour upwardly extending flues 23, which have their upper ends incommunication with the heating chamber 20 and means of which the gasesand products of Combustion are conveyed to said chamber. The rear edgeof the heating chamber is provided with a flue 24 which conveys thegases to the chimney. The flues 23 as shown stand separated from themagazine between the combustion chamber and the heating chamber, andpreventing the magazine from becoming heated, at the same time allowinga greater heating surface exposed to the air within the room. The spacebetween said fines and the magazine, as shown, is of a width equal tothe thickness of the fire brick. The upper end of the fire brick, asshown, is exposed to the outside atmosphere and resting upon the same,and secured thereto in any desired manner is a circular invertedU-shaped plate 25 which forms an annular air space 26 around the entireupper end of the fire brick. Said space is in communication with theopenings 15 in the brick and air is fed to the space surrounding thebrick and thence to the fire as heretofore described. The upper face ofsaid plate forming the air chamber, is provided with a series ofopenings 27 and resting upon said face is a ring 28 having openings 29to register with the openings 27. The said ring as shown encircles themagazine as well as the plate 25 and is adapted to freely oscillate. Theplate is provided with a handle 30 by means of which it is oscillated,and whereby the openings 29 may be brought to register with the openings27, and the proper amount of air is fed to the fire, the same serving asthe damper.

In operation, the air passes through the openings 29 and 27, to thespace 26 and through the openings 15 in the fire brick to the annularspace 13, surrounding the brick sections. From there the air passesdownwardly and spirally to the fire owing to the oblique arrangement ofthe brick sections and the slots between the same. The air passesthrough the fire and causes the proper combustion of the fuel within thecombustion chamber 7, and the products of combustion pass out throughthe flues as before described. The coal that has not been thoroughlyconsumed falls to the grate 3, and by opening the damper 4, an up draftpasses through the grate and causes the perfect consumption of allproducts in the coal.

From the foregoing description, it will be appreciated that the fuel issubjected to two drafts of air during the progress of its consumption.When it is admitted to the fire chamber from the fuel magazine, it isfirst subjected to a draft from the air chamber surrounding the magazinebeing admitted through the spiral slots between the sections forming thelining of the cylindrical'casing 6. The air being in a heated conditioncommingles with the gases escaping from the fire, which, when thuscommingled with the air becomes ignited. Thus a continuous blast ofburning gas is directed upon the fuel under combustion, which passingdownward encounters an upward draft through the grate 3 beneath thesub-fire chamber effecting the consumption of the soot from the coal.Thus a down blast is an essential feature to obtain the object of myinvention. These drafts may, under the influence of the draft of achimney flue be lead on through the space 7 or combustion chamber, as isshown in the drawings. It will be seen that there are two distinctcurrents or drafts discharged upon the fuel successively causing in thefirst instance the rapid combustion of the gases and pitch and carryingoff the non-combustible gases,

' and subsequently the slow combustion in the sub fuel chamber under theinfluence of the upward draft.

\Vhat I claim is:-

1. A stove of the character described, comprising a fuel magazine, afire pot below the magazine formed of a series of fire bricks havingobliquely arranged openings between the fire bricks, an air chambersurrounding said fire pot and means for controlling the admission of airthereto, a sub-fire chamber below the said fire pot, and a combustionchamber surrounding the fire pot and in communication with the fire potand the sub-fire chamber.

2. A stove comprising a magazine, a fire pot below the same formed ofobliquely arranged interlocking fire brick, said fire brick havingobliquely arranged openings between them, an air chamber surroundingsaid fire pot and means for controlling the admission of air thereto, asub-fire chamber below the fire pot, a combustion chamber surroundingthe said fire pot and air chamber and in communication with the saidfire pot and the subfire chamber, and upwardly extending flues incommunication with the combustion chamber.

A stove of the character described, comprising a fuel magazine, a firepot below the magazine formed of a series of sections of fire brickobliquely arranged having longitudinal openings between said fire brickfor admitting air to the fire, an air chamber surrounding said fire potand means for controlling the admission of air thereto, a subfirechamber below the fire pot, a combustion chamber surrounding said firepot and air chamber and in communica tion with the fire pot and thesub-chamber, upwardly ex tending lines in communication with thecombustion chamber and a circular chamber partly covering the magazineand receiving the products of combustion from the flue.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto signed my name to thisspecification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

MILTON M. DILLON.

Witnesses:

F. M. MILLER, .TNo. E. Wnannr.

